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ANDREW EMERSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Leim-.g Paten.; No. 64,510, (laced May 7,1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING NUTS.

TO ALL WIlObI IT MAY CONCERN:

Beit known that I, ANDREW EMERSON, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and improved Machine for Making NutsandWashers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in theart to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of this specification.y i

This invention relates to a new and improved machine for making nuts andwashers, and has for its object the forming ofxthe same with angular orsharp edges, and with smooth surfaces er sides, so as to have a finishedand neat appearance. The chief` difficulty attending the manufacturingof nuts by machinery is 4the giving them a smooth iinished exterior andsharp angular corners. Heretofore there has always been a rough surfaceand the corners rounded in a greater o r less degree, a result' fullyobviated by my invention. In the accompanying drawings- Figure l, sheetnumber 1, is a vertical longitudinal section of my invention, taken inthe line n; T, tig; 2.

Figure 2, a plan or top view of the same.

Figure 3, a transverse verticalrsection of the same, taken in the line yy, fig. l.

Figure 4, sheet number 2, is a vert-ical longitudinal section of thesame, taken in the same line :r :v as tig. 1,'but showing the workingparts in a diiferet position. v

Figure 5, an enlarged longitudinal section of the dies and punchpertaining to the same.

Figure (i, a detached side view of the female die. i

Figure T, a section of iig. (i, taken inthe line z e.

Figure S, a face view of a nut constructed by niy machine.

Figure 9, a section of the same, taken in the line c z.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

A represents a bed-piece, on which a. framing, B, is placed and securedin any proper manner to support the working parts. C C are two shaftsplaced transversely on the framing B, one near each end, and havingtoothed wheels D D at one end which gear into wheels E E of equaldiameter, the wheels E E gearing into each other, and consequentlyforming a. connection between the wheels D D. The shaft of one of thewheels E is provided with a driving-pulley or wheel,'F, the power beingapplied to said shaft. On the shaft C there is a cam, G, composedofaportion, a, which is a part of a cylinder, and two projecting portions,b b, with a curved surface, c, between, as shown clearly in figs. 1 and4. H is a guide fitted on the framing B, and having a horizontal slide,I, tted within it, one end of which is a male die, J, and corresponds inshape to the nut or washer to be made. The slide I has a hole, d, madein it extending the greater portion of its length, and in this hole arod, K, is tted, said rod being stationary and attached to an uprightbar, e, in the guide H, and passing through an oblong slot,f, in theslide I, the length of said slot admitting of the requisite slidingmovement of the slide I, as will be understood by referring to ligs. land 4. K is a guide similar to H, which is also tted and secured on theframing B, and has a horizontal slide, L, within it, one end of which isa female die, M, corresponding in shape to theidesired form of the faceor upper side of the nut or washer, which in this case is a concave,forming a. portion of a sphere. NVithin this slide L there is a punch,N, which works through the centre of the female die M, as will beunderstood by referring to figs. I, 4, and 5. On the shaft C there issecured a. cam, O, having a. portion, g, which forms the greater portionof a cylinder, and a pro-Y jection, z, extending from g, as shown in Eg.4. This cam O also has a projection, z', attached, and pins j ,7"extending horizontally, one from each side'of it; and within the framingB, below the shaft C', there are two levers, P P', one of which, P, actsupon a pin, c, extending from the slide L, and the other, P, acts upona. pin, k', extending from the outer end of the punch N. Within theframing B, below the shaft C, there is a lever Q, which acts against apin, Z, projecting from the slide I; and the cam 'G has a pin, m,extending l10ri`zontally from one side of it. A pin, n, also projectsfrom the slide I opposite to the side from'which the pin Z projects, anda spring, It, in the framing bears against pin n. S is an upright platesecured permanently in the framing D, midway between the guides II K,and having a. female die, T, fitted within it in line with the dies J Mat the ends of the slides I L. This die T corresponds in shape to thatof the nut or washer to be made, and it is .larger in diameter at itscentre than at its ends, as shown more particularly in iig. 7. To

facilitate the construction of this die I make it of two parts, o o, asshown clearly in fig.'7, which are placed and secured within the plate Sfirmly in contact, (see figs. 1, 4, and 5.)

The operation is as follows: The bar of metal from which the nuts orwashers are formed, shown in red, is placed in a rest, U, at one side ofthe framingB, the heated end being by the side of plate S, and over thedie T, and against a gauge, V, as shown clearly in fig. 2. The pulley orwheel F is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow 1, fig. 2, andthe projection b of the cam G acts against the slide I and forces thesame, and consequently the die J, which is also a cutter, forward andcuts the blank from the bar, and presses the former into the die T, andthe slide L is also at the same time moved towards the plate-S so thatthe die M will be pressed in contact with the die T, the die M reachingthe die T before the movement of J ceases, so that the latter may pressthe blank into M and cause a rounded or convex face to be given theblank, as shown clearly in figs. 4 and 5. 'lhe projection b then passesthe outer end of the slide I, and the latter is forced outward incontact with the surface c by the spring R pressing against the pin 72.The slide L was moved forward bythe projection z' of the cam O actingagainst its outer end, and the die M is held in contact with the die Tby pro jection z'vuntil Jafter the die and cutter J is moved a trifleback by the action of-spring R, and also after the punch N is movedforward by the projection 7L of cam O, saidpunch being forced throughthe blank at the centraland larger part of dieT, into which part thepunch is allowed to force it by the backward movement of die J. Theperforating or punching of the blank in `the larger part of th'e die Iadmits of the blank expanding therein, and the pieces of metal forcedout by the punch N are driven into the hole d of the slide I. After thehole is-punched in the blank the slide L and punch N are drawn back bythe pins jj acting against the levers P P', the latter acting againstthe piusplc 7c' of the punch and slide. As the slide L and punch N aredrawn back the slide I is again forced forward in consequence of theprojection b of the cam G acting against it, and this second movement ofI causes the die and cutter J to force the blank out from the die I, theprojection b being sufficiently long to admit of that. In this dischargemovement of the blank the latter has its exterior surfaces madeperfectly smooth, and the angles or corners are all sharp owing to theexpansion of the blank in the larger part of' the die during thepunching operation, and the conti-action and compression of the blank inbeing forced out of the end of the die T, which is smaller. As the blankreaches the end of the die T it is punched off` by a lever, ax, actuatedby a larger lever, 5^', which is operated by a pin, cX, on the hub ofone of the wheels D. The slide I is then drawn back by the lever Qacting against the pin l of slide I,'the lever Q being' actuated by thepin m of cam g, the pieces in the hole cl being discharged by rod Kunder' the backward movement of I. The nuts or washers thus formed havea smooth and finished appearance, with angular or sharp corners, andwithout any burr or roughness at any p art.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. The construction and arrangement of the slides I Lfitted in the guides H K of the frame B, and

kprovided respectively with the dies J M, the punch N in the slide L,and fixed rod K in the slide I, when used in combinationvwith anintermediate die open at both ends, substantially as described for thepurpose specified.

2. The constructing of the die T with an enlarged centre, when said die,thus constructed, is used in connection with a punch, arranged inconnection with suitable dies, so that in the punching operation theblank will be expanded in the enlarged part of the die, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

' ANDREW EMERSON. A

Witnesses:

WM. Il McNAMAnA, ALnx. F. Renners.

